Apparatus for applying heat and method of using such apparatus



June 26, 1923.

R. VUlLLEUMlER APPARATUS FOR APPLYING HEAT AND METHOD OF USING SUCH APPARATUS Filed May 5, 1917 wvemtoz $51 L 680mm w M {VW Patented June 26, 1923.

UNITED STATES RUDOLPH VUILLEUMIEB, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK, ASBIGNOB TO THE SAFETY PATENT OFFICE.

CAB HEATING Q LIGHTING COHPANY, A CORPORATION OP NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR APPLYING HEAT AND METHOD OF USING SUCH APPARATUS.

Application filed Kay 5,

To all'whom itma concern:

Be it known til at I, RUDOLPH Vumnno- MIER, a citizen of the United States,-and a resident of New Rochelle, in the count of 'Westchester and State of New York, ave invented an Improvement in A aratus for Applying Heat and Methods of sing Such Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means and processes for providing a heated surface, and with regard to its more specific features, to an apparatus for making gas and a method of using the same. One of the objects thereof is to provide practical and eflicient apparatus adapted to offer a highly heated surface. Another object is to provide apparatus of the above nature characterized by uniformity and economy in action. Another object is to provide an improved method or art whereby a highly and uniformly heated surface is developed. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, arrangements of parts, and in the several steps and relation of such steps as will be hereinafter illustratively described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the same- Figure 2 is a sectional bottom plan taken along the line 22 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a sectional plan taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

Referring now to Figure 1 of the drawing, there is shown a gas generator comprisin the outer steel shell 10 lined with fire brick or other suitable substance to provide the wall 11. At the base of this apparatus, there is formed a combustion chamber 12, the arch or roof of which, also formed of fire brick, converges upwardly toward the outlet port 13. Positioned immedi-.

ately above the passage 13 is a deflecting plate 14 preferably circular in form and resting on the radial arms 15, best shown 1911. Serial No. 160,010.

in Figure 2 of the drawin These arms taper at their innermost an s and provide radial passages through which the gases can escape upwardly to the checker-work indicate at 16. This checker-work is of the usual form and requires no detailed description. At the upper end of the checker-work is a chamber 17 which leads to the stack or up-take 18 controlled by a suitable swinging gate 19.

Leading into the combustion chamber 12 in a tangential direction, as indicated in Figure 3, is the inlet passage 20 through which air for combustion is either drawn or forced. This passage is controlled as by the gate-valve 21 and provided with the central fuel supply tube 22 through which the liquid fuel, as for example, tar, is blown as by steam. This incoming jet of flame or burning gases is thrown powerfully in a tangential direction into the combustion chamber, and results in a whirl or vortex which draws inwardly toward the center of the chamber at a greatly increased angular speed due to the principle of the conservation of linear momentum. The whirling gases then pass upwardly through the passage 13, and striking the deflector 14, are thrown outwardly and thence ascend in a substantially uniform volume through the checker-work. This uniformity of distribution is insured by the outward throw of the gases as they encounter the radial supporting arms 15 although a high degree of uniformity may be achieved merely from the vortex or whirling action even if the support for the plate be of another type.

By this action, the checker-work is exposed to a heat which is uniform in a horizontal plane, that is, the radially outermost portion is just as highly heated as that immediately above the center of the combustion chamber, and the distribution in angular direction is likewise uniform.

The gases being thus to some extent cooled, they pass oil through the stack 18.

I In order to render more uniform the heating of the upper and lower portions of the checker-work without sacrificing economy of action of the apparatus, there is provided a by-pass 23 from the chamber 17 which curves downwardly through the gate-valve 24 and thence, the gate 25 being closed, inwardly through a passage 26 to the passage or port 13. In this manner, the gases from Ill) chamber 17 which are materially cooled, are mixed with the extremely hot gases arising from the combustion chamber, and thus the temperature of the latter materially reduced. It is to be understood that if the apparatus is started cold, it is first heated to a considerable extent before this by-pass' is opened, and it is also to be understood that the circulation through the by-pass is rendered more ositive as by a jet of steam from the ipe 2i blown downwardly as indirated. T ere is thus no excessive air provided and the combustion is fully as economical as though the by-pass were not used; yet the uniformity of heating of the checker work in a vertical direction is greatly en hanced.

It may be noted that th arrows shown in full lines in the drawing indicate the course of the gases when the apparatus is being utilized to heat the checker-work, and that the dotted arrows indicate the course of the gases during the manufacture of gas as hereinafter described.

When the checker-work has reached the desired intensity of heat, the gate-valves 21 and 24 and the cover gate-valve 19 are closed, and the gate-valve 25 opened. \Vith the parts in this position, a suitable oil is blown into the chamber 17 as by means of the atomizing nozzles 28. This oil striking the checker-work is cracked or converted into gas and passes downwardly through the port 13 and passage 26 and is drawn oil through the gate-valve 25. \Vhen the checker-work has cooled to such an extent that the crackin of the vapors is inefiicient, the supply of oi is cut oil from the nozzles 28, and y y reversing the osition of the above gate-valves and turnin on the fuel jet, the checker-work is again heated as above described.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a paratus and an art in which the several 0 ]ects of this invention are achieved and that in this apparatus the action is essentialiy practical and efficient and the results in the matter of uniformity and effectiveness are economically gained. Also it may be noted that many of the features of this invention are of value in other relations, although pecuiiarly advantageous in a reiation such as that herein described.

As various possible changw might be made in the above apparatus and as the abovedescribed art might be carried on by the use of different, devices, it is to be understood that all matter herein described or shown in the accompanying drawing is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim as my invention:

1. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, means provided with a heatabsorbing surface, means forming a. combustion chamber, means adapted to admit fuel and air to said combustion chamber in proportion for substantially full combustion of said fuel, means adapted to lead the products of combustion over said heat-absorbing surface, and means adapted to return a portion of said products of combustion to a point immediately preceding the passage over said heat-absor ing surface in suflic-ient volume materially to reduce the temperature of products of later combustion entering said first means.

2. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a combustion chamber, checkerwork mounted above said combustion chamber, means forming a passage leading from said combustion chamber to the lower side of said checkerwork, means forming a chamber above said checkerwork and provided with an outlet, and means independent of said outlet adapted to le gases from said second chamber downward y into said gases from said combustion chamber beneath said checkerwork and thereby reduce the temperature of gases entering said checkerwork.

3. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, an upright container provided with a combustion chamber at its lower part and an outlet at its upper art, checkerwork mounted in the body 0 said container, means forming a lateral passage leading into said container intermediate said checkerwork and said combustion chamber, a bypass leading from said upper chamber downwardly into said passage, and means controlling the passage through said by-pass.

4. In apparatus-of the class described, in combination, an upright container provided with a combustion chamber at its lower part and an outlet at its upper part, checkerwork mounted in the body of said container, means forming a lateral passage leading into said container intermediate said checkerwork and said combustion chamber, a bypass leading from said upper chamber downwardly into said passage, means controlling the passage through said by-pass, means adapted to discharge a gas-producing fluid into said upper chamber, means adapted to withdraw and lead off as through said intermediate passage, 8.1153 valve controlling said last means.

5. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, checkerwork, means forming a combustion chamber beneath said checkerwork, means forming a central passage leading upwardly from said combustion chamber to said checkerwork, means adapted to force fluid tangentially into said combustion chamber, a bafile plate mounted above said central passage and below said checker-work, and radlally extending arms supporting said bafile plate.

6. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, means provided with a heatabsorbing surface, means forming a combustion chamber, means adapted to lead gases from said combustionchamber through said heat-absorbin means, means adapted to lead gases from t e l remote side of said heatabsorbing means back into said gases on the inlet side of said heat-absorbing means, and means adapted to cause rotation of the burning gases in said combustion chamber.

7. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, an upright container provided with a combustion chamber at its lower part and an outlet at its upper part, checkerwork mounted in the body of said container with an upper chamber formed above the same, means forming a lateral passage leading into said container intermediate said checkerwork and said combustion chamber, a by-pass leading from said upper chamber downwardly into said passage, means controlling the passage through said bypass, and means adapted to force a fluid tangentially into said combustion chamber.

8. The art of heating checkerwork which consists in leading ses upwardlv through the checkerwork, withdrawing a portion of said gases from the upper side of said checkerwork after said checkerwork has been partially heated, and leading the gases so withdrawn into those at the lower side of said checkerwork and thereby reducing the temperature of the gases entering said checkerwork.

9. The art which consists in producing combustion with substantiall full air supply, leading the products of combustion through a bodv to be heated, withdrawing a substantial portion of said products sub equent to passage through said body, and leading the same into intermingling relation with products of later combustion immediately prior to their passage through said body.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 1st day or May, 1917.

RUDOLPH VUILLEUMIE'R. 

